The October 23, 2008 Nature article, authored by Professor Michael J. Disney of UK's Cardiff University and five associates, is entitled, "Galaxies appear simpler than expected." It turns out that through a statistical analysis of the radio and optical data from 200 galaxies, five of the six "independent" variables actually are dependent on some single unknown independent variable. The last sentence of the abstract makes a key statement, "Such a degree of organization [of galaxies] appears to be at odds with hierarchical galaxy formation, a central tenet of the cold dark matter model in cosmology." This is a strong and potentially prize-winning challenge to UC Santa Cruz's Cold Dark Matter thesis.

More from Professor Disney's abstract: "Here we report that a sample of galaxies that were first detected through their neutral hydrogen radio-frequency emission, and are thus free from optical selection effects shows five independent correlations among six independent observables, despite having a wide range of properties. This implies that the structure of these galaxies must be controlled by a single parameter, although we cannot identify this parameter from our data set. Such a degree of organization [of galaxies] ... appears to be at odds with hierarchical galaxy formation, acentral tenet of the cold dark matter model in cosmology."

In addition to the six universities/research establishments mentioned in the above title, doubts have also been cast on UC Santa Cruz's Cold Dark Matter by the University of Chicago, Harvard, and by Jerome Drexler when he was a Research Professor in physics in 2005 at the New Jersey Institute of Technology, and afterward when he authored two more astro-cosmology books when based in Silicon Valley.

The following is a sampling of articles and papers casting doubt on the UC Santa Cruz theory of uncharged, proton-free, and hydrogen-free Cold Dark Matter with its weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), which have not been detected after two decades of searching:

October 2008 paper, "Galaxies appear simpler than expected" by Cardiff University's Professor Michael J. (Mike) Disney, et al, published in Nature. The Physicsworld article about this paper is entitled, "Galaxy survey casts doubt on cold dark matter."

September 2008 paper, "Reopening the Window on Charged Dark Matter," by University of Chicago Professor Edward F. (Rocky) Kolb, et al, published as astro-ph arXiv:0809.0436 v1. "Further, we find that charged massive particles [CHAMPs] may simultaneously solve several long-standing astrophysical problems, including the underabundance of dwarf galaxies, the shallow [mass] density profiles in the cores of the LSB [low surface brightness] galaxies..."

September-October 2007 paper," Modern Cosmology: Science or Folk Tale" by UK's Cardiff University Professor Michael J. Disney, published in American Scientist magazine, Volume 95."This situation [Lambda-Cold Dark Matter] is very far from healthy."

September 2007 Newswire, "NASA Data Raises Doubts of Existence of Cold Dark Matter in Galaxy Clusters," by Jerome Drexler, published in "Discovering Postmodern Cosmology," Chapter 24.

May 2007 paper, "Missing Mass in Collisional Debris from Galaxies" by Dr. F. Bournaud, et al, (CEA Saclay, France) published in Science 25 May 2007, Vol.316 no.5828, p.1166-1169. "[I]t more likely indicates that a substantial amount of dark matter resides within the disks of spiral galaxies. The most natural candidate is molecular hydrogen in some hard to trace form."

May 2007 newswire, "'Ring of Dark Matter' Uncovered from Anomalies-Discrepancies" by Jerome Drexler, published in "Discovering Postmodern Cosmology," Chapter 19. The top-down theory of galaxy formation used in Drexler's Postmodern Cosmology solves the anomalies/discrepancies dilemma, but the bottom-up theory of galaxy formation of UCSC's Cold Dark Matter does not.

March 2007 paper, "The Observed properties of Dark Matter on small spatial scales," by Cambridge Professor Gerard Gilmore, et al, published as arXiv:astro-ph/0703308v1. "Galaxy formation models inside the Lambda CDM [Cold Dark Matter] paradigm however have considerable difficulties matching observations on small scales. The well-known 'satellite problem' is an example, as is the 'cores vs. cusps' debate."

February 2007 paper, "A Relativistic-Proton Dark Matter Would Be Evidence the Big Bang Probably Satisfied the Second Law of Thermodynamics." by Jerome Drexler published as arXiv physics/0702132v1. It is unlikely the Second Law was satisfied by a big bang producing high-entropy Cold Dark Matter WIMPs.

October 2006 paper, "A New Force in the Dark Sector?", by NYU Professor G.R.Farrar, et al, published as arXiv: astro-ph/0610298v1. "The number of superclusters observed in SDSS [Sloan Digital Sky Survey] data appears to be an order of magnitude larger than predicted by Lambda-Cold Dark Matter simulations."

June 2006 paper, "Cold Dark Matter Cosmology Conflicts with Fluid Mechanics and Observations." by UC San Diego Professor Carl H. Gibson, published online in the arXiv June 2006 as astro-ph/0606073 and also in the Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics.

June 2006 news: Russia announced it will launch an ultraviolet astronomical observatory in 2010 having a 1.7 meter main mirror. The project manager is Boris Shustov, Professor of Physics and Mathematics and head of the Institute of Astronomy at the Russian Academy of Sciences. The release quotes him, "One should particularly emphasize the observatory's role in detecting the so-called dark matter of the Universe and unlocking its secrets because such dark matter can only be seen by large ultraviolet telescopes." The proponents of Cold Dark Matter make no claim for UV emission. Drexler's relativistic protons do emit UV.

April 2005 paper, "Identifying Dark Matter through the Constraints Imposed by Fourteen Astronomically Based 'Cosmic Constituents,'" by NJIT Research Professor Jerome Drexler published as arXiv astro-ph/0504512v1. The paper's analysis of the possible relationships of 14 cosmic constituents with dark matter makes a strong case for relativistic-proton dark matter over Cold Dark Matter WIMPs.

March 1990 paper, "Charged dark matter" by Nobel Laureate Harvard Professor Sheldon L. Glashow, et al, published in Nucl. Phys. B, Part. Phys., Vol. 333, No. 1. From a 1989 interview: "People have been excluding the possibility of charged dark matter for no good reason and limiting themselves to neutral particles," says physicist Sheldon L. Glashow of Harvard University. "If you don't know what dark matter is, it would seem wise to be open-minded." "Glashow and his collaborators propose that dark matter consists of stable, very massive, electrically charged elementary particles left over from the Big Bang."

Drexler utilizes the overwhelming evidence provided in his three books, his two scientific papers, the papers of Harvard's Prof. Glashow and Chicago's Prof. Kolb, and those researchers listed above casting doubt on the existence of Cold Dark Matter WIMPS, to stake his claim to the discovery of the precise identity and physics of the universe's dark matter, which he first publicly disclosed in his December 15, 2003 book. The following five publications, covering the physics of Drexler's dark matter, the supporting evidence, and dark matter cosmology, also provide plausible explanations for the universe's accelerating expansion, ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, big bang, cosmic inflation, and cosmic web.

(1) Book, March 1, 2008, "Discovering Postmodern Cosmology: Discoveries in Dark Matter, Cosmic Web, Big Bang, Inflation, Cosmic Rays, Dark Energy, Accelerating Cosmos."

(2) Scientific paper, physics/0702132, Feb. 15 2007, "A Relativistic-Proton Dark Matter Would Be Evidence the Big Bang Probably Satisfied the Second Law of Thermodynamics."

(3) Book, May 22, 2006, "Comprehending and Decoding the Cosmos: Discovering Solutions to Over a Dozen Cosmic Mysteries by Utilizing Dark Matter Relationism, Cosmology, and Astrophysics."

(4) Scientific paper, astro-ph/0504512, April 22, 2005, "Identifying Dark Matter through the Constraints Imposed by Fourteen Astronomically Based 'Cosmic Constituents.'"

(5) Book, Dec. 15, 2003, "How Dark Matter Created Dark Energy and the Sun: An Astrophysics Detective Story."

ABOUT THE AUTHOR OF THE THREE BOOKS: Jerome Drexler is a former member of the technical staff and group supervisor at Bell Labs, former research professor in physics at New Jersey Institute of Technology, founder and former Chairman and chief scientist of LaserCard Corp.(Nasdaq: LCRD). He has been awarded 76 U.S. patents, honorary Doctor of Science degrees from NJIT and Upsala College, a degree of Honorary Fellow of the Technion, an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship at Stanford University, a three-year Bell Labs graduate study fellowship, the 1990 "Inventor of the Year Award" for Silicon Valley and recognition as the original inventor in 1978 of the now widely-used digital optical disk "Laser Optical Storage System" and the LaserCard(R) nanotech data memory. He is a member of the Board of Overseers of New Jersey Institute of Technology and an Honorary Life Member of the Technion Board of Governors.

- - - -

((AScribe - The Public Interest Newswire / http://www.ascribe.org))

- 'Synthetic Biology 4.0' is the most important international conference on Synthetic Biology, now in its fourth year

- GENEART is one of the main sponsors

- With DNA synthesis, GENEART provides one of the key technologies for the Synthetic Biology

Regensburg, October 01, 2008 - GENEART AG, the global leader in gene synthesis and specialist in the field of Synthetic Biology will present its work on the "Synthetic Biology 4.0", the largest international conference on Synthetic Biology from October 10 to 12, 2008, in Hong Kong. Using the development of an HIV vaccine as an example, GENEART will elucidate the advantages of designed genes and gene synthesis for the programming of vaccines to the gathered international experts. Additionally, GENEART will moderate the workshop "Industrial Biotechnology". As a main sponsor, GENEART supports the conference which is now in its fourth year. 500 to 700 scientists are expected to come to the conference at the 'University of Science and Technology' in Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, to discuss the newest developments and insights in the field of Synthetic Biology. Projects to efficiently produce bio-fuels and drugs are of special economic interest.

Similarly to concepts in electrical engineering, the objective in the Synthetic Biology is the development of standardized DNA building blocks, which can be easily combined and which allow the reconstruction of cells, e.g. bacteria into bioreactors. Scientists in the Synthetic Biology thereby aim at the development of bioreactors capable of producing far more complex compounds than currently possible using the conventional methods of classical biotechnology. One way to achieve this is spearheaded by J. Craig Venter' initiative, who envisions to develop bacteria with minimal genomes. In the beginning of this year, the American scientist/entrepreneur has approached this aim with giant steps: Supported by GENEART, he created the first synthetic bacterial genome. Bacteria with minimal genomes could be used as blank cells and thus be equipped with the required additional genes (functional gene clusters) in order to turn them into producer cells. They could e.g. produce bio-fuel from otherwise unused plant components. Right now, British Petroleum and the US Department of Energy invest more than 500M US Dollars in this field. Other projects involve the developments of yeast and bacteria for the production of therapeutics, such as the malaria drug Artemisinin. There are also projects aiming at the production of chemical precursors or polymers, e.g. for the production of spider silk.

GENEART synthesizes the DNA building blocks for the Synthetic Biology, thus providing an important key technology for this new field of research and industry. At the same time, GENEART works together with partners on continuative technologies like the construction of functional gene clusters called operons. This also facilitates and accelerates the development of producer cells. As the global leader in DNA synthesis, GENEART expects to profit above average in the emerging market of this new field of research and industry.

Find more information here: http://sb4.biobricks.org or http://syntheticbiology.org/

For further inquiries, please contact:
Bernd Merkl
GENEART AG
Josef-Engert-Str. 11
93053 Regensburg
Germany
Phone: +49-(0)941-942 76-638
Fax: +49-(0)941-942 76-711
ir@geneart.com
www.geneart.com
Frank Ostermair
Better Orange IR & HV AG
Haidelweg 48
81241 Munich
Germany
Phone: +49-(0)89-8896906-10
Fax: +49-(0)89-8896906-66
info@better-orange.de
www.better-orange.de

Legal Information

This document may contain estimates, prognoses and opinions about company plans and objectives, products or services, future results, opinions about these results or opinions leading up to these results. All these projections into the future are subject to risk, uncertainty and unforeseeable change outside the control of the GENEART Group. Many factors may lead to actual results, which considerably deviate from the given projections for these results.

About GENEART AG:

In 2000, GENEART entered the gene synthesis market and has since become the global market leader. Today, the company is one of the leading specialists in the Synthetic Biology field. Experts at GENEART provide key technologies for the development and production of new therapeutics and vaccines. Customers also take advantage of GENEART services to customize enzyme attributes, such as the attributes of enzymes used as detergent additives, and to construct bacteria, which produce complex biopolymers or break down polymers, such as synthetics, petroleum components, etc. Our production and service spectrum spans a wide range, from the production of synthetic genes according to DIN EN ISO 9001-2000, to the creation of gene libraries in the combinatorial biology, to the development and production of DNA-based biologically active substances. The GENEART AG in Regensburg (Germany) and the subsidiaries GENEART Inc. in Toronto (Canada) and GENEART Inc. in San Francisco (USA) employ more than 190 people. Since May 2006, GENEART is listed on the German Stock Exchange.

Synthetic Biology 4.0:

The Synthetic Biology 4.0 is organized by the BioBricks Foundation in cooperation with the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), the University of Hong Kong (HKU) and the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK). The BioBricksTM Foundation is a nonprofit organization. It was established by engineers and scientists to foster the development and responsible use of technologies based on BioBrick standard DNA sequences.

The GENEART AG at the Most Important International Conference on Synthetic Biology: http://hugin.info/136633/R/1255297/273588.pdf

Copyright Copyright Hugin AS 2008. All rights reserved.

SOURCE: Geneart AG

"We are now in the final stages of getting all the approvals to offer this through the veterinary hospital as a treatment to try to improve strength in pet dogs," said Prof Sweeney, who hopes begin the era of genetic enhancement in dogs within the next year.

The American professor is preparing to market the canine gene therapy, which would see dogs injected with substances which switch off the genes that regulate their muscle growth, the British daily said.

The treatment has passed laboratory trials, but regulatory authorities are now discussing whether the dogs would have to be held in quarantine after treatment, because of possible risks if humans came into contact with their waste after the procedure, Prof Sweeney said.

Scientists hope the same technology could be used in humans, to treat serious genetic diseases such as muscular dystrophy, the report said.

Human trials of gene therapy have faced difficulties due to the risks of introducing new genes into cells or unintentionally interfering with genes other than those being targeted, which can include inducing cancers, it said.

Alberts, who became editor of the magazine in March, was here to deliver two speeches and meet with prominent scientists. The magazine featured the latest Chinese research into genetically modified cotton as its cover story in the Sept. 19 issue.

China needs to support more small independent projects and more young scientists to generate innovation, he said, adding that achievement should be measured not by the quantity but the quality of scientists' papers.

Alberts said a nation's "scientific temper" was important to its sustainable development.

"We need good scientific education with an emphasis on active enquiry for all nations," he said in a speech on "Science and the World's Future" at Tsinghua University on Tuesday.

"For each of our nations to benefit from science, we must keep science healthy," Alberts said. "Good science must continually generate innovative ideas and technologies."

He was the president of the United States National Academy of Sciences from 1993 to 2005. During that time, he visited China almost every year.

Alberts, also a renowned molecular biologist at the University of California, San Francisco, said that scientists need to "have a much larger presence in world affairs".

He is one of the co-chairs of the InterAcademy Council, representing 15 academies of science and equivalent organizations in China, Brazil, India, the United States, the United Kingdom and other countries.

"I found his talk quite useful and China's scientific policies could benefit from referring to his opinions," said Fan Chunliang, a researcher at the Institute of Policy and Management of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

"I was quite inspired by the words 'science knows no country, knowledge belongs to humanity', which he quoted from Louis Pasteur," said Wu Wei, a doctoral candidate at Tsinghua University. "I think we should all make a strong effort to help science become 'the torch that illuminates the world'."

Science, with 1 million subscribers worldwide, is sponsored by the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Alberts said that he hoped the magazine would become a powerful platform for setting scientific standards and bringing outstanding science all over the world into public view.

Alberts said that with the opening of the Asia-Pacific news bureau in Beijing last October, the magazine's coverage of China had increased. He hoped that the level of reporting about China could be sustained, while India, Brazil and other developing countries could also get more coverage.